"The gallop associated with early diastolic filling is the S3 and may be heard pathologically in such states as volume overload and left ventricular systolic dysfunction. The S4 is a late diastolic sound and may be heard in such pathologic states as uncontrolled hypertension.
A common aid in distinguishing these sounds auditorily, is to remember that S3 has the same cadence as the word "Kentucky" and S4 sounds like "Tennessee"."
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